In the landscapes of New Zealand, where the housing stock often dates back to the early and mid-20th century, the legacy of asbestos poses a silent threat to homeowners and residents. Asbestos, a group of six naturally occurring fibrous minerals, was extensively used in building materials for its durability, fire resistance, and insulating properties. However, its fibrous composition, when disturbed, becomes a health hazard, releasing tiny, airborne fibres that can be inhaled and lead to serious respiratory diseases, including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.
The use of asbestos in residential construction was widespread in New Zealand until the late 1980s, mirroring global trends. Homes built during this era are likely to contain asbestos in various forms, from roofing materials and exterior cladding to insulation, floor tiles, and even textured ceilings. The material's ability to resist heat and corrosion made it a popular choice for builders and architects of the time. However, the health risks associated with asbestos exposure were not fully understood until much later, leading to its eventual ban in many countries, including New Zealand.
For homeowners, the challenge begins with identifying the potential presence of asbestos in their properties. Many of the homes on the North and South Islands, cherished for their character and history, may harbour these hidden dangers within walls, under floors, or above ceilings. The task of identifying asbestos is complicated by the fact that it can't be seen with the naked eye and its fibres are often mixed into other materials, making visual identification nearly impossible for the untrained observer.
The health risks associated with asbestos exposure are well-documented but bear repeating due to their severity and the latency period of related diseases. Asbestos fibres, once inhaled, can lodge in the lungs and remain there for years, causing scarring and, eventually, leading to breathing difficulties and serious diseases. Mesothelioma, a cancer that affects the lining of the lungs and is almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure, can take 20 to 50 years to develop after initial exposure.
This latency period underscores the importance of awareness and caution, especially for DIY enthusiasts and those involved in renovating older homes. New Zealanders love their DIY projects, but disturbing old building materials without knowing what they contain can have dire consequences. It's crucial for homeowners to understand the potential risks in their homes and to seek professional advice before undertaking any work that might disturb ACMs.
The New Zealand government and various health organisations have made significant efforts to raise awareness about the dangers of asbestos. Homeowners are encouraged to educate themselves about the materials used in their homes and the potential presence of asbestos. Before embarking on any renovation projects, it's advisable to consult with professionals who can conduct a thorough assessment and, if necessary, safely remove any asbestos-containing materials.
Identifying asbestos in a home, particularly those built or renovated before the 1980s, requires a keen eye and, often, professional assistance. Asbestos was used in more than 3,000 different building materials, some of which are more obvious than others. For example, fibrolite cladding, popular in mid-20th-century homes, is known to contain asbestos. However, asbestos can also be found in less obvious places, such as in the backing of vinyl floor tiles, in textured ceiling coatings, and in insulation around pipes.
For homeowners suspecting the presence of asbestos in their property, the first step is to avoid disturbing any materials that might contain asbestos. This is particularly important during renovations, repairs, or any activity that might release asbestos fibres into the air. The next step is to engage a professional who can safely take samples and have them analysed in a laboratory. In New Zealand, there are specific guidelines and services that can help homeowners navigate this process, ensuring safety and compliance with health regulations.
Given the risks associated with asbestos exposure, it's imperative that any suspected asbestos materials are handled by professionals. In New Zealand, there are licensed asbestos assessors and removalists who have the training and equipment to safely manage asbestos risks. These professionals can conduct thorough inspections, assess the condition of ACMs, and recommend the best course of action, whether it be removal, encapsulation, or ongoing management.
The process of professional asbestos removal involves several steps, including sealing off the affected area to prevent fibre dispersion, using specialised equipment to safely remove the material, and disposing of it in accordance with local regulations. Homeowners are strongly advised against attempting to remove asbestos themselves, as improper handling can increase the risk of exposure not only to themselves but also to their neighbours and the wider community.
Engaging with these professionals not only ensures compliance with regulations but also provides peace of mind. Knowing that the asbestos in their property has been properly identified and safely managed or removed allows homeowners to proceed with renovations or to continue living in their homes without the looming threat of asbestos exposure.
In New Zealand, the management and removal of asbestos are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work (Asbestos) Regulations 2016. These regulations are designed to protect workers and the public from the risks associated with asbestos exposure. For homeowners, understanding and complying with these regulations is crucial when dealing with asbestos in their properties.
Before undertaking any renovation or demolition work that may disturb asbestos-containing materials, homeowners must first identify whether asbestos is present. If asbestos is found, the law requires that its removal or disturbance be carried out by a licensed asbestos removalist. This ensures that the work is done safely and in compliance with national safety standards.
Homeowners also have a duty to inform any tradespeople or contractors about the presence of asbestos in their home. This is to ensure that anyone working on the property takes the necessary precautions to avoid disturbing the asbestos and releasing fibres into the air.
Raising awareness about the dangers of asbestos and the correct procedures for its management and removal is essential in ensuring public safety. Local councils, health services, and community organisations play a key role in educating the public about asbestos. They provide resources, workshops, and support services to help homeowners identify and safely manage asbestos in their homes.
Community support is also crucial for homeowners navigating the challenges of asbestos removal. Sharing experiences and advice through community groups and forums can provide valuable insights and encouragement. Additionally, advocating for greater awareness and better resources can help ensure that all New Zealanders have access to the information and support they need to deal with asbestos safely.
The journey towards an asbestos-safe New Zealand requires ongoing effort from homeowners, professionals, and the government. By continuing to improve regulations, provide education and support, and ensure the safe management and removal of asbestos, we can protect current and future generations from the health risks associated with asbestos exposure.
For homeowners, the key to managing asbestos lies in education, caution, and professional assistance. Understanding the potential risks and knowing when and how to seek help are essential steps in ensuring the safety and wellbeing of their families and communities.
